Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 5 de 5
Filter
1.
J. bras. nefrol ; 40(3): 273-277, July-Sept. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-975910

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a multifactorial pathophysiologic irreversible process that often leads to a terminal state in which the patient requires renal replacement therapy. Most cases of CKD are due to chronic-degenerative diseases and endothelial dysfunction is one of the factors that contribute to its pathophysiology. One of the most important mechanisms for proper functioning of the endothelium is the regulation of the synthesis of nitric oxide. This compound is synthesized by the enzyme nitric oxide synthase, which has 3 isoforms. Polymorphisms in the NOS3 gene have been implicated as factors that alter the homeostasis of this mechanism. The Glu298Asp polymorphisms 4 b/a and -786T>C of the NOS3 gene have been associated with a more rapid deterioration of kidney function in patients with CKD. These polymorphisms have been evaluated in patients with CKD of determined and undetermined etiology and related to a more rapid deterioration of kidney function.


RESUMO A insuficiência renal crônica (IRA) é um processo fisiopatológico multifatorial e irreversível que frequentemente conduz a um estado terminal no qual o paciente passa a necessitar de tratamento por transplante renal. A maioria dos casos de IRA são devidos a doenças crônicas degenerativas; a disfunção endotelial é um dos fatores contribuintes na fisiopatologia. Um dos mecanismos mais importantes para o funcionamento adequado do endotélio é a regulação da síntese de óxido nítrico. Este composto é sintetizado por meio da enzima sintase do óxido nítrico, que tem três isoformas. Os polimorfismos no gene NOS3 tem sido implicados como fatores que alteram a homeostase desse mecanismo. Os polimorfismos Glu298Asp 4 b/a e -786T>C do gene NOS3 têm sido associados a uma deterioração mais rápida da função renal nos pacientes com IRA. Estes polimorfismos têm sido avaliados em pacientes com IRA de causas determinadas ou não-determinadas e relacionados a uma perda mais rápida da função renal.


Subject(s)
Humans , Polymorphism, Genetic , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/genetics , Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III/genetics
2.
Biomédica (Bogotá) ; 37(4): 486-497, oct.-dic. 2017. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-888493

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducción. La composición genética del huésped determina, entre otros aspectos, el perfil clínico del dengue, lo cual se debería al efecto de variantes en los genes que codifican citocinas proinflamatorias. Objetivo. Evaluar la asociación entre las variantes de tres polimorfismos en los genes candidatos TNFA, IL6 e IFNG con la gravedad del dengue en una población colombiana. Materiales y métodos. Se evaluaron los polimorfismos rs1800750, rs2069843 y rs2069705 de los genes TNFA, IL6 e IFNG, respectivamente, en 226 pacientes con dengue. Los genotipos se tipificaron usando la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR) y los polimorfismos de la longitud de los fragmentos de restricción (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism, RFLP). Para determinar el riesgo de diferentes fenotipos del dengue, se compararon las frecuencias alélicas con la prueba de ji al cuadrado, y los genotipos y los haplotipos, con regresión logística. Por último, los análisis se ajustaron utilizando datos de autoidentificación o del componente genético ancestral. Resultados. El alelo A del rs2069843, ajustado por autoidentificación, se asoció con casos de dengue hemorrágico en afrocolombianos. En la muestra completa, dicho polimorfismo, ajustado por componente genético ancestral, fue reproducible. Además, hubo asociaciones significativas entre las combinaciones alélicas GGT y GAC de los rs1800750, rs2069843 y rs2069705 en pacientes con dengue hemorrágico, con ajuste por componente genético ancestral y sin él. Además, la combinación alélica AGC produjo 58,03 pg/ml más de interleucina 6 que la GGC, independientemente de los componentes genéticos europeo, amerindio y africano. Conclusión. Las variantes de los polimorfismos GGT y GAC de los rs1800750, rs2069843 y rs2069705 en los genes TNFA, IL6 e IFNG, respectivamente, se correlacionaron con la gravedad del dengue en esta muestra de población colombiana.


Abstract Introduction: The genetic makeup of the host contributes to the clinical profile of dengue. This could be due to the effect of variants in the genes encoding pro-inflammatory cytokines. Objective: To evaluate the association between the variants of three polymorphisms in TNFA, IL6 and IFNG candidate genes with dengue severity in a sample of Colombian population. Materials and methods: We evaluated the rs1800750, rs2069843, and rs2069705 polymorphisms in TNFA, IL6 and IFNG candidate genes, respectively, in 226 patients with dengue infection. The genotypes were typed using both polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). To determine the risk of different dengue phenotypes, we compared allele frequencies with chisquare and genotypes and haplotypes using logistic regression. Finally, these analyzes were adjusted with data from self-identification or the ancestral genetic component. Results: The A allele in the rs2069843 polymorphism, adjusted by self-identification, was associated with dengue hemorrhagic fever cases in Afro-Colombians. In the entire sample, this polymorphism, adjusted by the ancestral genetic component, was reproducible. In addition, there were significant associations between GGT and GAC allelic combinations of rs1800750, rs2069843, and rs2069705 in dengue hemorrhagic fever patients, with and without adjustment by ancestral genetic component. Additionally, the AGC allelic combination produced 58.03 pg/ml of interleukin-6 more than the GGC combination, regardless of European, Amerindian and African genetic components. Conclusions: The variants of GGT and GAC polymorphisms of rs1800750, rs2069843, and rs2069705 in the TNFA, IL6 and IFNG genes, respectively, were correlated with the susceptibility to dengue severity in a sample of Colombian population.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Interleukin-6/genetics , Interferon-gamma/genetics , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , Dengue/genetics , Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length , DNA, Viral/genetics , Ethnicity/genetics , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Risk , Cross-Sectional Studies , Prospective Studies , Colombia/epidemiology , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Dengue/epidemiology , Dengue Virus/classification , Dengue Virus/genetics , Alleles , Genetic Association Studies , Gene Frequency , Genotype
3.
Campinas; s.n; mar. 2013. 96 p. ilus, tab.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-691925

ABSTRACT

A Fibrose Cística (FC) é uma doença autossômica recessiva causada por mutações no gene CFTR (Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator) que acarretam em defeito ou na ausência da proteína por ele sintetizada. A CFTR, produto deste gene é uma proteína canal, localizada na membrana apical das células, responsável pela condução de íons cloreto. As mutações levam à ausência da proteína CFTR ou a alteração qualitativa/quantitativa da proteína, que acarreta no desequilíbrio osmótico entre os meios intra e extracelular. Como consequência há a ocorrência de muco viscoso e de difícil excreção nos pulmões e obstrução dos ductos pancreáticos, afetando desta forma o sistema respiratório e digestório. São conhecidas mais de 1.900 mutações no gene CFTR, sendo que mesmo em pacientes com mutações iguais como a F508del - com alta prevalência na população brasileira - há divergência entre os fenótipos observados. Dessa forma, o genótipo CFTR parece não ser determinante na modulação da gravidade clínica, uma vez que, indivíduos com mesmo genótipo CFTR apresentam manifestações clínicas diferentes. Outros genes, diferentes do CFTR foram associados à gravidade clínica dos pacientes, revelando que os produtos por eles expressos exercem algum tipo de ação modificadora do fenótipo da FC. Tais genes foram denominados modificadores e atuam em fatores secundários relacionados à evolução do quadro clínico, como a articulação do sistema imune. Os genes COX2 e IFRD1, com ação importante no sistema imune e no recrutamento de células de defesa foram identificados como modificadores da FC em estudos prévios realizados em uma população diferente da brasileira. No presente estudo, os polimorfismos -765G>C e 8473T>C no gene COX2 e 57460C>T no gene IFRD1, candidatos a modificadores, foram identificados nos pacientes e um estudo de associação genótipo-fenótipo foi conduzido a fim de verificar a ação moduladora de tais polimorfismos nos pacientes estudados.


Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disease caused by CFTR (Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator) gene mutations that lead to defective polypeptide or lack of the protein CFTR. The CFTR is a channel protein located in the apical cells membrane, responsible for chloride ions conductance. The mutations lead to an osmotic disequilibrium between intra and extracellular mediums, which causes viscous mucus production that is hard to be eliminated from lungs and pancreatic ducts, affecting, this way, respiratory and digestive systems. More than 1,900 CFTR different mutations are known, and even patients that carries identical mutations as F508del - the most common one in Brazilian population - shows a great discrepancy between the phenotypes that are observed. Thus, CFTR genotype seems not to be crucial in disease clinical course modulation, once different subjects carrying the same CFTR mutations reveal distinctive clinical manifestations. Genes besides CFTR were associated to CF patients clinical manifestation, revealing that the molecules they express have some kind of modifier activity in CF phenotype. Such genes were labeled as modifier genes and they act in secondary factors related to clinical course evolution as immune system response. The genes COX2 and IFRD1 have an important role in immune system and defense cell recruitment and they were identified as CF modifiers in previous studies that analyzed different population from the Brazilian one. In this current study, the polymorphisms -765G>C, 8473T>C and 57460C>T located in these genes were identified in our patients and association genotype-phenotype were carried out in order to verify the modulator activity of such variants in the studied casuistic...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Cystic Fibrosis/complications , Polymorphism, Genetic , Severity of Illness Index , Phenotype
4.
Botucatu; s.n; 2012. 143 p. ilus.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-705195

ABSTRACT

It is estimated that one-third of the total world population is latently infected with M. tuberculosis and only 5-10% of the infected individuals will develop active TB disease during their life-time. The reason why some infected individuals develop active disease, while others do not is not yet entirely understood. Given the central role of TLR-2 in the incitement of inflammation, polymorphisms in its gene might be involved in both infectious and inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of TLR2 - 16934A/T and GT repeat polymorphisms on the immune response of PTB patients undergoing anti-TB treatment at different time points of anti-tuberculosis treatment: T1 (beginning), T2 (3 months) and T3 (end). For this we genotyped TLR2 -16934 and (GT)n repeats polymorphisms and evaluated the immune response of pulmonary tuberculosis patients during the time of anti-tuberculosis treatment. The present study suggests that TLR2 - 16934A/T and GT repeats polymorphisms can influence differential TLR-2, NF-κB and cytokine levels during anti-TB treatment. We also suggest that PTB patients with TLR2 - 16934 AA genotype may have a worst outcome of the disease, since they have a lower IFN-γ, cytokine essential to initiate the protective immunity to active TB. This association could not be made in our study due to the low number of patients evaluated. Since TLR-2 play a major role in initiating immune response against M...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Antitubercular Agents/therapeutic use , Polymorphism, Genetic , Receptors, Cytokine , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/immunology , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/therapy
5.
Rio de Janeiro; s.n; jun. 2004. iv,170 p. tab.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-762418

ABSTRACT

Um estudo caso-controle de base hospitalar foi realizado entre 1999-2003 com 210 casos de câncer de boca e orofaringe e de 251 controles. Casos foram pacientes com confirmação histopatológica de neoplasia da boca (C00-C10) e faringe (C14), excluídas o lábio externo, virgens de tratamento, com idade entre 15-79 anos e residentes na RMRJ. Os controles foram pacientes pareados por sexo e frequência de idade hospitalizados em dois centros da rede pública, residentes na RMRJ, com patologias não associadas ao consumo de fumo e álcool. Após assinatura de termo de consentimento, todos foram entrevistados respondendo sobre antecedentes de tabagismo, consumo de álcool, hábitos alimentares, prática de higiene oral e padrão alimentar pregresso. A história ocupacional ao longo da vida de cada participante foi obtida mediante o preenchimento de um questionário ocupacional geral, crescido questionários específicos de dezenove ocupações selecionadas quando mencionadas na entrevista. As exposições ocupacionais foram estratificadas e analisadas através de parâmetros de intensidade, frequência e confiabilidade da exposição. Foram coletadas amostras de material biológico para análise de polimorfismos genéticos e pesquisa de HPV. A análise dos dados visou a determinação das OR das variáveis analisadas, sendo também obtidas aquelas referentes à interação entre polimorfismos genéticos selecionados com fumo e com álcool através da metodologia de estudo caso-controle apenas em casos. (...) Os resultados obtidos neste estudo no Rio de Janeiro quanto às associações analisadas com o câncer de boca e orofaringe, sobretudo em relação à dieta e suscetibilidade genética, estão relativamente em acordo com os relatos da literatura científica...


A hospital-based case-control study was carried out between 1999-2003 collectingepidemiological data and biological samples from 210 oral and oropharynx cancer casesand 251 controls. Cases were defined as 15-79 yr. patients with histopathologicalconfirmation of oral (C00-C10) and oropharynx cancer (C14), external lip excluded,without treatment antecedents and living in Rio de Janeiro Metropolitan Area. Agefrequencyand sex matched controls were enrolled from hospitalized patients living in thesame area with several diseases unrelated to smoking and alcohol intake. Followingconsent term signature, enrolled patients were interviewed and a validated questionnairewas filled including data on smoking, alcohol intake, diet and oral hygiene. A detailedoccupational history was obtained for each participant by using a general occupationalquestionnaire and other nineteen specific-job questionnaires were available and filledwhenever mentioned by the interviewed. Occupational exposures were stratified andanalyzed according to reported exposure intensity, frequency and reliability. Afterinterview, biologic samples (blood and oral mucosa cells) were obtained to geneticpolymorphism and HPV infection analysis. Odds ratios between lifestyle variables and oralcancer were ascertained, likewise interaction odds ratios between genetic polymorphisms,smoking and alcohol intake by using case-only study approach. (...) The results obtained in this study carried out in Rio de Janeiro on the oraland pharynx cancer risk factors, mainly those related to diet and genetic susceptibility, arein a relative agreement with the scientific literature...


Subject(s)
Humans , Mouth Neoplasms , Occupational Exposure , Oropharyngeal Neoplasms , Polymorphism, Genetic , Risk Factors , Alcoholic Beverages , Case-Control Studies , Eating , Smoking
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL